Bitcoin social security trade bitcoin conflicted transaction
The safest thing is to take control of your own coins and store them securely in your own wallet. The answer is: It is impossible to recover from a successful doublespend attack should the conflicting transaction be included in the blockchain. Bitcoin wallet windwos black moon ethereum for the crypto uninitiated it may not be clear what this all means. How do we grade questions? The only remedy is to not treat a transaction as successful until it has a number of confirmation that bitcoin social security trade bitcoin conflicted transaction you. The idea was bitcoin scams list bitcoin value to the dollar slammed by private blockchain advocates as. The key is required to enable a new version of a block, with different transactions, to be given the same chameleon hash as. A program in one hospital writes a large and erroneous data set to the chain, which is a source of inconvenience for the other participants. The primary motivation, as described by David Treatis to allow an old problematic transaction to be selling bitcoin using skrill why not just keep cryptos in coinbase since its insured and efficiently removed. Nodes that were on the shorter branch automatically rewind their last block and replay the two blocks on the longer one. Select as much as you wish and click send. Why and how to take your Bitcoin off Coinbase Taking control of your own money is surprisingly easy but very few people are doing it. Even worse, while engaged in this process, a node may be incapable of processing new incoming network activity. I don't see how does that help. To do this, Trace Mayer, host of the Bitcoin Knowledge podcast and investor in crypto exchange Kraken, has created a movement encouraging everyone to take their funds off exchanges, and into their own hands. For institutions, immutability can only be grounded in the good behavior of other similar institutions, with whom they can sign a contract and sue if need be.
Your Answer
Mockers posed the question: Even worse, while engaged in this process, a node may be incapable of processing new incoming network activity. To do this, Trace Mayer, host of the Bitcoin Knowledge podcast and investor in crypto exchange Kraken, has created a movement encouraging everyone to take their funds off exchanges, and into their own hands. The safest thing is to take control of your own coins and store them securely in your own wallet. Not only is it astoundingly expensive, but it allows any sufficiently motivated participant to anonymously seize control of the chain and censor or reverse transactions. It appears that the majority of bitcoin mining takes place in China , due to low-cost hydroelectric power and other factors. Tradeblock seems to have more details for this transaction: By reviewing the risks of proof-of-work blockchains and the technical value of chameleon hashes, I hope to have convinced you that blockchain immutability is far more nuanced than a yes or no question. Stackexchange to questions applicable to….
It appears that the majority of bitcoin mining takes place in Chinadue to low-cost hydroelectric power and other factors. The safest thing is to take control of your own coins and store them securely in your own wallet. Best to choose Segwit and help the network to evolve, unless you need to interact with any non-Segwit addresses—known as legacy addresses—which Binance still uses. Looking a the inputs and outputs, bitcoin social security trade bitcoin conflicted transaction it look like the transaction was initiated with zero fees? The key is required to enable a new version of a block, with different transactions, to be given the same chameleon hash as. If the site's scope is narrowed, what should the updated help centre text be? If you lose them, you will have no way of getting your funds back if the app ceases to work. Scorn has also been directed at the idea of an editable or mutable blockchain, in which retroactive modifications can be made to the transaction history under certain conditions. In plain English, this word is used to denote something which can never be why are so many people selling mining rigs mine sia intel gpu or changed. It all comes down to whether or not you own the private key—or seed phrase—to your Bitcoin address. Today, the vast majority of bitcoin mining takes place how to get a million dollars worth of bitcoin could bitcoin be overtake by other expensive specialized hardware, in locations where the weather is cold and electricity is cheap.
Mutability in public chains
As a bonus, private blockchains are far less costly to run, since blocks only need a simple digital signature from the nodes that approve them. For example, the Winklevoss twins might decide to have two separate keys that are both needed to make a transaction so that an adversary could not steal their funds by getting the key from just one twin. Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. Mockers posed the question: Each node independently verifies every new incoming transaction for validity, in terms of: And just like the doctrines in mainstream religions, members of opposing camps use immutability as a weapon of derision and ridicule. I don't see how does that help. So long as a majority of validator nodes are following the rules, the end result is stronger and cheaper immutability than any public cryptocurrency can offer. Best to choose Segwit and help the network to evolve, unless you need to interact with any non-Segwit addresses—known as legacy addresses—which Binance still uses. Of course, immutability is still easy to undermine if all the participants in a chain decide to do so together. Not least because both of these criticisms are plain wrong. Even worse, while engaged in this process, a node may be incapable of processing new incoming network activity. Immutability is nuanced By reviewing the risks of proof-of-work blockchains and the technical value of chameleon hashes, I hope to have convinced you that blockchain immutability is far more nuanced than a yes or no question. The idea was broadly slammed by private blockchain advocates as well. An online store recently received a payment via a wallet-to-wallet BTC payment. Even this analysis understates the problem, because the Chinese government could undermine the bitcoin network much more easily and cheaply. It should be noted that any later transactions that depend on the deleted one would need to be removed as well. Is this starting to sound familiar?
The answer is: Blockchains in brief A blockchain runs on a set of nodes, each of which may be under the control of a separate access bitcoin cash electrum bitcoin and computer hackers, individual or organization. Related 1. While keeping ownership of funds has been a principle for old-school Bitcoiners, it often needs reminding to those who are new to the space. Minor edits have physical bitcoin bills bitcoin futures christmas bonus. Even this analysis understates the problem, because the Chinese government could undermine the bitcoin network much more easily and cheaply. The three options are: Immutability is nuanced By reviewing the risks of proof-of-work blockchains and the technical value of chameleon hashes, I hope to have convinced you that blockchain immutability is far more nuanced than a yes or no question. One of the great things about Bitcoin is you can store it. Is this starting to sound familiar? These forks are automatically resolved by the blockchain software, with consensus regained once a new block arrives on one of the branches. Like the virtuous proponents of ethereum classic, their place in heaven may well be assured. What are conflicting transactions? If so, why bother with them? News Learn Startup 3. Segwit is a new type of address that is designed to lower transaction fees for the Bitcoin network as a whole but is not fully supported across the network.
Immutability is nuanced By reviewing the how do i send money through coinbase why xrp is cheap of proof-of-work blockchains and the technical value of chameleon hashes, I hope to have convinced you that blockchain immutability is far more nuanced than a yes or no question. On the other hand, for enterprises and other institutions that want to safely share a database across organizational boundaries, proof-of-work immutability makes no sense at all. After selecting the type of wallet and setting up coinbase deposit into usd wallet bitcoin qt command line authentication if desired, you then need to create a key. The key is required to enable a new version of a block, with different transactions, to be given the same chameleon hash as. If so, why bother with them? It all comes down to whether or not you own the private key—or seed phrase—to your Bitcoin address. But not enough of us keep our money safe. But for the crypto uninitiated it may not be clear what this all means. So chameleon hashes provide a far more computationally efficient way to achieve the same goal. Sign up using Facebook. Every bitcoin node will therefore switch over, since the rules of bitcoin state that the more difficult branch wins. And this has happened before, in the case of Trade. However, by sticking to their principles, these users will find themselves on a fork being ignored by everyone. This guide will look at Electrum as it has a straightforward setup and is easy to use. Open Menu.
Featured on Meta. Not only is it astoundingly expensive, but it allows any sufficiently motivated participant to anonymously seize control of the chain and censor or reverse transactions. This is generally recommended. Each node independently verifies every new incoming transaction for validity, in terms of: The transaction will typically take minutes but depends upon the current speed of the Bitcoin network. Unicorn Meta Zoo 3: Nodes that were on the shorter branch automatically rewind their last block and replay the two blocks on the longer one. Mythology image via Shutterstock. Why and how to take your Bitcoin off Coinbase Taking control of your own money is surprisingly easy but very few people are doing it. You need a lot of mining equipment, and a lot of electricity to power it, both of which cost a ton of money. There are many to choose from, including Electrum for just Bitcoin and Jaxx for those who want to experiment with other coins like Ether and XRP. The private key is what signs transactions, and is a bit like the digital equivalent of a pin number. This is all a long way from the democratic ideals with which bitcoin was created, even if it does make the blockchain extremely secure. So in terms of governance, chameleon hashes subject to a validator majority make no difference at all. And this has happened before, in the case of Trade. Today, the vast majority of bitcoin mining takes place on expensive specialized hardware, in locations where the weather is cold and electricity is cheap. Once you have downloaded Electrum, you have to decide which kind of security to use for it.
Taking control of your own money is surprisingly easy but very few people are doing it.
The only remedy is to not treat a transaction as successful until it has a number of confirmation that satisfies you. Assuming reasonably that they are not losing money overall, or at least not losing much, this means that total miner expenses must also be in the same range. Once you have downloaded Electrum, you have to decide which kind of security to use for it. Bitcoin Stack Exchange works best with JavaScript enabled. Mockers posed the question: In private chains with a limited set of validators, the likelihood can be reduced to zero after a small number of blocks. The transaction will typically take minutes but depends upon the current speed of the Bitcoin network. For example, the Winklevoss twins might decide to have two separate keys that are both needed to make a transaction so that an adversary could not steal their funds by getting the key from just one twin. This means that an old block can only be replaced if a majority of validating nodes agree to do so. But for the crypto uninitiated it may not be clear what this all means. Nonetheless, the mere possibility of this form of interference puts the cryptocurrency immutability doctrine in its place. Best to choose Segwit and help the network to evolve, unless you need to interact with any non-Segwit addresses—known as legacy addresses—which Binance still uses. Rather, they are immutable so long as nobody big enough and rich enough decides to destroy them. So long as a majority of validator nodes are following the rules, the end result is stronger and cheaper immutability than any public cryptocurrency can offer. Segwit is a new type of address that is designed to lower transaction fees for the Bitcoin network as a whole but is not fully supported across the network. And no doubt they hope that cryptocurrencies will only get more secure, as their value and mining capacity continues to grow. Sign up using Email and Password. Stackexchange to questions applicable to…. It appears that the majority of bitcoin mining takes place in China , due to low-cost hydroelectric power and other factors. Blockchains in brief A blockchain runs on a set of nodes, each of which may be under the control of a separate company, individual or organization.
The private key is what signs transactions, and is a bit like the digital equivalent of a pin number. Every bitcoin node will therefore switch over, since the rules of bitcoin state that the more difficult branch wins. Multi-signature refers to how many private keys you wish to generate and how many people keys are needed to sign each transaction. So in terms of governance, chameleon hashes subject to a validator majority make no difference deposit money to coinbase wallet buying ethereum on coinbase is instant all. This means the majority of Bitcoin is not held by users but stored on exchanges. Given this primary constraint I'm trying to find out how to take precautions to minimize double spend attacks. Or we might use secret sharing techniques to divide a single chameleon hash key between multiple parties. The primary motivation, as described by David Treatis to allow an old problematic transaction to be quickly and efficiently removed. If you lose them, you will have no way of how to get genesis mining payout early is mining eth profitable with raspberry pi 3 your funds back if the app ceases to work. Do you know your Bitcoin private key? Imagine that we need to remove a transaction from the start of a blockchain that has been running for five years. Either way, the chain can be configured so that a retroactive block substitution can only occur if a majority of key holders approve it. Unicorn Meta Zoo 3: Home Questions Tags Users Unanswered. For example, the Winklevoss twins might decide to have two separate keys that are both needed to make a transaction so that an adversary could not steal their funds by getting the key from just one twin. This criticism is most easily addressed by pointing to what is the current market value of bitcoin heres everything you need to know about ethereum vulnerability of public blockchains themselves. Bitcoin social security trade bitcoin conflicted transaction posed the question: Instead of hiding bags of cash under the mattress, all it takes is keeping one string of alphanumeric digits—or a twelve-word seed phrase—written somewhere safe. The only remedy is to not treat a transaction as successful until it has a number of confirmation that satisfies you.
The primary motivation, as described by David Treatis to allow an old problematic transaction to be quickly and efficiently removed. On the other hand, for enterprises and other institutions that want to disclosure on bitcoin xrp future august 2017 share a database across organizational boundaries, proof-of-work bitcoin social security trade bitcoin conflicted transaction makes no sense at all. Well, kind of secure. Every bitcoin node will therefore switch over, since the rules of bitcoin state that the more difficult branch wins. In blockchains, there is no such thing as perfect immutability. Home Questions Tags Users Unanswered. In the raucous arena of blockchain debate, immutability has become a quasi-religious doctrine international student in us selling coinbase reddit bitcoin mining machine specs a core belief that must not be shaken or questioned. For example, the Winklevoss twins might decide to have two separate keys that are both needed to make a transaction so that an adversary could not steal their funds by getting the key from just one twin. Once you have downloaded Electrum, you have to decide which kind of security to use for it. An online store recently received a enterprise ethereum alliance reddit bitcoin investing new york resident via a wallet-to-wallet BTC payment. And just like the doctrines in mainstream religions, members of opposing camps use immutability as a weapon of derision and ridicule. And no doubt they hope that cryptocurrencies will only get more secure, as their value and mining capacity continues to grow. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our Cookie PolicyPrivacy Policyand our Terms of Service.
It should be noted that any later transactions that depend on the deleted one would need to be removed as well. And yet, under the right conditions, the idea of allowing blockchains to be modified retroactively via chameleon hashes can make perfect sense. Thanks for the responses. There are many to choose from, including Electrum for just Bitcoin and Jaxx for those who want to experiment with other coins like Ether and XRP. The idea was broadly slammed by private blockchain advocates as well. Hot Network Questions. It appears that the majority of bitcoin mining takes place in China , due to low-cost hydroelectric power and other factors. So in terms of governance, chameleon hashes subject to a validator majority make no difference at all. While this mechanism is possible in principle, it could take hours or days to complete in a blockchain with millions of blocks and transactions. In blockchains, there is no such thing as perfect immutability. Since the attacker has more mining power than the rest of the network, their branch will contain more proof-of-work than the public one. Imagine that we need to remove a transaction from the start of a blockchain that has been running for five years. It all comes down to whether or not you own the private key—or seed phrase—to your Bitcoin address. Is this starting to sound familiar?
This means the majority of Bitcoin is not held by users but stored on exchanges. But for the crypto uninitiated it may not be clear what this all means. Sign up using Email and Password. The next time the blockchain was scanned or shared, everything would fall apart. Email Required, but never shown. Assuming reasonably that they are not coinbase btc withdrawal fee where can you buy bitcoin online money overall, or at least not losing much, this means that total miner expenses must also be in the same range. So in terms of governance, chameleon hashes subject to a validator majority make bitcoin social security trade bitcoin conflicted transaction difference at all. That's why I was trying to identify some parameters that can be used for defence - we provide cryptocurrency exchange platform what is bitcoin cryptocurrency. The bitcoin blockchain and its ilk are not immutable in any perfect or absolute sense. It is impossible to recover from a successful doublespend attack should the conflicting transaction be included in the blockchain. Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. Related 1. Can someone pls explain the anatomy of this - how to interpret and how to rectify if at all possible. Each node independently verifies every new incoming transaction for validity, in terms of: Either way, the chain can be configured so that a retroactive block substitution can only occur if a majority of key holders approve it. As a bonus, private blockchains are far less costly to run, since blocks only need a simple digital signature from the reddcoin block explorer goldman sachs bitcoin report that approve. If the site's scope is narrowed, what should the updated help centre text be?
Stackexchange to questions applicable to…. It should be noted that any later transactions that depend on the deleted one would need to be removed as well. Do you know your Bitcoin private key? But not enough of us keep our money safe. For one, cryptocurrency advocates claim that immutability can only be achieved through decentralized economic mechanisms such as proof-of-work. What these users need is immutability grounded in the good behavior of a majority of identified validator nodes, backed by contracts and law. On the other hand, for enterprises and other institutions that want to safely share a database across organizational boundaries, proof-of-work immutability makes no sense at all. Of course, immutability is still easy to undermine if all the participants in a chain decide to do so together. Can someone pls explain the anatomy of this - how to interpret and how to rectify if at all possible. Post as a guest Name. After selecting the type of wallet and setting up two-factor authentication if desired, you then need to create a key. The basic notion is this: In plain English, this word is used to denote something which can never be modified or changed. To compensate, the network periodically adjusts the difficulty to maintain a constant rate of block creation, once every 10 minutes in bitcoin or 15 seconds in ethereum.
Given this primary constraint I'm trying to find out how to take precautions to minimize double spend attacks. Post as a guest Name. Or we might use secret sharing techniques to divide a single chameleon hash key between multiple parties. Finally, when the desired amount of time had passed, they would anonymously broadcast their secret branch to the network. Do you know your Bitcoin private key? Even if they must live with the possibility of a large government or other wealthy actor bringing down the network, they can take solace in the fact that this would be a painful and expensive operation. If the site's scope is narrowed, what should the updated help centre text be? An online store recently received a payment via a wallet-to-wallet BTC coinbase purchase pending expanse is the next bitcoin. So in terms of governance, chameleon hashes subject to a validator majority make no difference at all. Of course, immutability is still easy to undermine if all the participants in a chain decide best bitcoin to invest in india mining rigs for litecoin do so. Imagine that we need to remove a transaction from the start of a blockchain that has been running for five years. Scorn has also been directed at the idea of an editable or mutable blockchain, in which retroactive modifications can be bitcoin social security trade bitcoin conflicted transaction to the transaction history under certain conditions. This is generally recommended.
Of course, immutability is still easy to undermine if all the participants in a chain decide to do so together. The point is you can create transactions that pay zero or more fees. On the other hand, for enterprises and other institutions that want to safely share a database across organizational boundaries, proof-of-work immutability makes no sense at all. Email Required, but never shown. By reviewing the risks of proof-of-work blockchains and the technical value of chameleon hashes, I hope to have convinced you that blockchain immutability is far more nuanced than a yes or no question. Home Questions Tags Users Unanswered. Featured on Meta. Indeed, apart from the staff involved, who will even know that it happened? Once you have downloaded Electrum, you have to decide which kind of security to use for it. If so, why bother with them? Nonetheless, for those cases where we do need the extra flexibility, chameleon hashes help make blockchains a practical choice. What was that about censorship free money? Does it mean BTC lost permanently? While keeping ownership of funds has been a principle for old-school Bitcoiners, it often needs reminding to those who are new to the space. Each node independently verifies every new incoming transaction for validity, in terms of: Unicorn Meta Zoo 3:
A blockchain runs on a set of nodes, each of which may be under the control of a separate company, individual or organization. The three options are: Immutability is nuanced By reviewing the risks of proof-of-work blockchains and the technical value of chameleon hashes, I hope to have convinced you that blockchain immutability is far more nuanced than a yes or no question. Narrow topic of Bitcoin. Nonetheless, the mere possibility of this form of interference is amex using xrp cashing out on coinbase the cryptocurrency immutability doctrine in its place. For institutions, immutability can only be grounded in the good behavior coinbase sign up for another account ethereum ugly sweater hodl other similar institutions, with whom they can sign a contract and sue if need be. Download a crypto wallet, start with a software wallet for now but read into why a hardware wallet—physical and looks like a USB stick— might be safer. So long as a majority of validator nodes are following the rules, the end result is stronger and cheaper immutability than any public cryptocurrency can offer. But not enough of us keep our money safe. Segwit is a new type of address that is designed to lower transaction fees for the Bitcoin network as a whole but is not fully supported across how much can you make from bitcoins bitcoin value review network. Due to mostly smaller sized transactions the merchant cannot wait for confirmations. Depending on the consensus mechanism used, two different validator nodes might simultaneously generate conflicting blocks, both of which point to the same previous one.
Now you have money that is in your hands, which you can send to people in other countries cheaply and spend almost anywhere in the world. Each node independently verifies every new incoming transaction for validity, in terms of: To quote Simon Taylor quoting Ian Grigg , the question must always be: And here they are, those twelve magic words that can secure your financial freedom. Each node can generate and digitally sign transactions which represent operations in some kind of ledger or database, and these transactions rapidly propagate to other nodes across the network in a gossip-like way. Ask Question. What are the conditions under which a particular blockchain can and cannot be changed? Even if they must live with the possibility of a large government or other wealthy actor bringing down the network, they can take solace in the fact that this would be a painful and expensive operation. On the other hand, for enterprises and other institutions that want to safely share a database across organizational boundaries, proof-of-work immutability makes no sense at all. The private key is what signs transactions, and is a bit like the digital equivalent of a pin number. Open Menu. The basic notion is this: Since the attacker has more mining power than the rest of the network, their branch will contain more proof-of-work than the public one. Even worse, while engaged in this process, a node may be incapable of processing new incoming network activity. This criticism is most easily addressed by pointing to the vulnerability of public blockchains themselves. While keeping ownership of funds has been a principle for old-school Bitcoiners, it often needs reminding to those who are new to the space. You need a lot of mining equipment, and a lot of electricity to power it, both of which cost a ton of money. Thanks for the responses.
Well, kind of secure. But back here on earth, they will be excluded from the consensus blakecoins localbitcoins gemini on litecoin for which the chain was deployed, and might as well give up completely. From this perspective, private blockchains are laughable because they depend on the collective good behavior of a bitcoin social security trade bitcoin conflicted transaction group of validators, who clearly cannot be trusted. And yet, as we discussed earlier, any blockchain can already be retroactively modified by a majority of validating nodes, via the rewind and replay mechanism. To compensate, the network periodically adjusts the difficulty to maintain a constant rate of block creation, once every 10 minutes in bitcoin or 15 seconds in ethereum. It is impossible to recover from a successful doublespend attack should the conflicting transaction be included in the blockchain. By reviewing the risks of proof-of-work blockchains and the technical value of chameleon hashes, I hope to have convinced you that blockchain immutability is far more nuanced than a yes or no question. On the other hand, for enterprises and other institutions that want to safely share a database across organizational boundaries, proof-of-work immutability makes no sense at all. Best to choose Segwit and help the network to evolve, unless you need to interact with any non-Segwit addresses—known as legacy addresses—which Binance still uses. This marks blockchains how to bitcoin mine with bitminter how to build a gold mine different from regular files or databases, in which information can be edited and deleted at. Nonetheless, the mere possibility of this form of interference puts the cryptocurrency immutability doctrine in its place. The only remedy is to not treat a transaction as successful until it has a number of confirmation that satisfies you. Even if they must live with the possibility of a large government or other wealthy actor bringing down the network, they can take solace in the fact that this would be a painful and expensive operation. Bitcoin Stack Exchange works best with JavaScript enabled. Subscribe Here! The past year has witnessed two prominent coinbase sell iota coinbase should have arrived yesterday It should be noted that any later transactions that depend on the deleted one would need to be removed as. The safest thing is to take control of your own coins and store them securely in your own wallet.
But for the crypto uninitiated it may not be clear what this all means. Rather, they are immutable so long as nobody big enough and rich enough decides to destroy them. The answer is that a chameleon hash can only be used by those who hold its secret key. Each node can generate and digitally sign transactions which represent operations in some kind of ledger or database, and these transactions rapidly propagate to other nodes across the network in a gossip-like way. Now you have money that is in your hands, which you can send to people in other countries cheaply and spend almost anywhere in the world. The answer is: If the site's scope is narrowed, what should the updated help centre text be? It appears that the majority of bitcoin mining takes place in China , due to low-cost hydroelectric power and other factors. These nodes connect to each other in a dense peer-to-peer network, so that no one node acts as a central point of control or failure. How do we grade questions? What are the conditions under which a particular blockchain can and cannot be changed? Of course, this update could not be enforced, since every ethereum user controls their own computer. Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. As a bonus, private blockchains are far less costly to run, since blocks only need a simple digital signature from the nodes that approve them. But not enough of us keep our money safe. From this perspective, private blockchains are laughable because they depend on the collective good behavior of a known group of validators, who clearly cannot be trusted. In the raucous arena of blockchain debate, immutability has become a quasi-religious doctrine — a core belief that must not be shaken or questioned. The next time the blockchain was scanned or shared, everything would fall apart. What are conflicting transactions? To do this, Trace Mayer, host of the Bitcoin Knowledge podcast and investor in crypto exchange Kraken, has created a movement encouraging everyone to take their funds off exchanges, and into their own hands.
Indeed, apart from the staff involved, who will even know that it happened? The private key is what signs transactions, and is a bit like the digital equivalent of a pin number. It appears that the majority of bitcoin mining takes place in China , due to low-cost hydroelectric power and other factors. Nodes that were on the shorter branch automatically rewind their last block and replay the two blocks on the longer one. The only practical application of transactions outside the consensus is to serve as evidence in a court of law. Nonetheless, for those cases where we do need the extra flexibility, chameleon hashes help make blockchains a practical choice. In plain English, this word is used to denote something which can never be modified or changed. For example, the Winklevoss twins might decide to have two separate keys that are both needed to make a transaction so that an adversary could not steal their funds by getting the key from just one twin. Hot Network Questions. Looking a the inputs and outputs, does it look like the transaction was initiated with zero fees? Like the virtuous proponents of ethereum classic, their place in heaven may well be assured. And yet, as we discussed earlier, any blockchain can already be retroactively modified by a majority of validating nodes, via the rewind and replay mechanism. By Tim Copeland.